Xian
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Xian is the capital city of Shaanxi province and the important political, economic and cultural center of the Northwest China. With an area of 9,983 square kilometers and a population about 7.72 million, Xian is situated in the Guang Zhong Plain (the center of passes) of the Yellow River basin, with the verdant Qinling mountain in the south and the Beishan mountain in the north.
Xian, which called Chang'an in ancient times, was once the capital for many dynasties. It perhaps at Tang Dynasty that Xian was in full flourish and was known by the world. With its long history, historians acclaim Chang'an together with Athens in Greece, Rome in Italy and Istanbul in Turkey as the four capitals of ancient civilization of the world. The city is full of historical relics and heritages. It probably possesses more items of archaeological interest than any other town or city in China, the most important, of course, being the world-famous Terra-cotta Warriors, which attracted many domestic and foreign visitors including the leaders of many countries. Xian was the starting point of the world-famous Silk Road. It can be well likened to a history museum. Moving around this old city is like going through thousands of years back in time. In this vast museum you will see the Banpo Village Remains of a matriarchal community; the Huaqing Hot Springs which was noted as early as the Zhou Dynasty more than 3,000 years back; Qin Shihuang's terra-cotta warriors and horses, known as the eighth wonder of the world; the imperial cemetery grounds of the Han and Tang dynasties; the Great Mosque with unique features; the Big Wild Goose Pagoda and the Small Wild Goose Pagoda built in the Tang Dynasty; the Bell Tower and the Drum Tower of the Ming Dynasty; and the Forest of Steles with a rich collection of age-old stone steles. With each has great historical value on the study of the ancient culture.
Through many years development, Xian has already set up solid industry base in certain areas. Aviation, aerospace, electronics, machinery, communications, instruments and meters, and electric power are typical industry in Xian. In some of these areas, it has not only reached the top level of China, but also has equaled to the world. Besides, Xian is the largest commercial and trade-hub, as well as the largest material distribution center in the Mid-Western Region of northern China. It has formed a transportation network of air routes, railways and highways. So it is very convenient to visit this historical city.
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